Clinical outcomes of single-port, modified two-port, and three-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A comparative retrospective cohort study

doi:10.4253/wjge.v18.i4.117389

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

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1948-5190

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Endosc. Apr 16, 2026; 18(4): 117389
Published online Apr 16, 2026. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v18.i4.117389

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Figure 4 Postoperative scar appearance. A: Postoperative scar appearance 1 month after modified two-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Umbilical and sub-xiphoid incisions with minimal visibility; B: Postoperative scar appearance 1 month after single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Umbilical incisions with minimal visibility; C: Postoperative scar appearance 10 days after three-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Umbilical and sub-xiphoid incisions with mild bruise and early signs of healing.

Citation: Hawanga GD, Zhang XL, Li ZX, Li MX, Pan J, Wang KM, Qian DH. Clinical outcomes of single-port, modified two-port, and three-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A comparative retrospective cohort study. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2026; 18(4): 117389
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5190/full/v18/i4/117389.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4253/wjge.v18.i4.117389

Hawanga GD, Zhang XL, Li ZX, Li MX, Pan J, Wang KM, Qian DH. Clinical outcomes of single-port, modified two-port, and three-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A comparative retrospective cohort study. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2026; 18(4): 117389 [DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v18.i4.117389]

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