Bronchogenic cysts treated with submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection and natural orifice transluminal endoscopy: Two case reports and review of literature

Table 3 Clinical summary of the two patients

Category	Patient 1	Patient 2
Age/sex	32/female	36/male
Admission date	April 2023	July 2025
Symptom	Asymptomatic, detected during routine exam	Dysphagia for 1 month
Endoscopy	submucosal bulge located approximately 35 cm from the incisors, approximately 3.0 cm × 2.0 cm	submucosal bulge located approximately 38 cm from the incisors, approximately 2.0 cm × 2.0 cm
EUS	Hypoechoic mass from muscularis propria, approximately 2.7 cm × 1.3 cm, with no blood flow signals	Hypoechoic mass from muscularis propria, approximately 3.2 cm × 2.3 cm, no vascular signal, intermediate stiffness
CT	Low-density mass (approximately 2.8 cm × 2.5 cm) near EGJ, mild enhancement	Soft tissue nodule (approximately 3.1 cm × 3.1 cm) near EGJ, mild enhancement, luminal narrowing
Laboratory tests	Normal	Normal
Past history	None	None
Family history	No relevant family or malignancy history	No relevant family or malignancy history

EGJ: Esophagogastric junction.