Multimodal artificial intelligence and large language models in gastrointestinal endoscopy: From lesion detection to workflow-integrated report generation

Figure 2 Modality-specific encoding and task-oriented outputs in multimodal gastrointestinal endoscopic artificial intelligence. This framework does not imply that all modalities are available simultaneously or that all outputs are generated within a single final report. This is an author-proposed conceptual framework intended for illustration and does not represent a validated clinical pathway or clinical guideline. EHR: Electronic health record; BBPS: Boston Bowel Preparation Scale; MLP: Multilayer perceptron; Hb: Hemoglobin; CRP: C-reactive protein; Alb: Albumin; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.