Comparative outcomes of laparoscopic vs open pancreaticoduodenectomy in early-stage pancreatic cancer

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the propensity-matched groups, mean ± SD

Indicator	LPD group (n = 50)	OPD group (n = 50)	t/χ2	P value
Gender (male/female)	27/23	26/24	0.02	0.89
Age (years)	62.5 ± 7.2	63.1 ± 6.8	-0.49	0.62
BMI (kg/m2)	24.2 ± 3.1	24.5 ± 3.0	-0.52	0.61
Tumor size (cm)	2.8 ± 0.9	2.9 ± 1.0	-0.38	0.71
ASA score (I/II/III)	2/34/14	1/35/14	0.45	0.80
Diabetes (no/yes)	36/14	35/15	0.05	0.82

BMI: Body mass index; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; LPD: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy; OPD: Open pancreaticoduodenectomy.