Low-volume bowel preparation provides safe and effective pan-enteric capsule endoscopy in suspected or established Crohn’s disease

Table 4 Crohn’s disease characteristics, n (%)

	LVP	HVP	P value
Disease duration, years, median (range)1	6.3 (0.03-17.6)	4.6 (0.3-16.4)	0.492
Age at diagnosis, years, median (range)1	25 (16-86)	22 (17-58)	0.422
Montreal classification1
Age at diagnosis
> 16	2 (4.8)	0 (0.0)	0.728
17-40	30 (73.2)	6 (85.7)
> 40	9 (22.0)	1 (14.3)
Location
L1	24 (57.1)	4 (50.0)	0.608
L2	3 (7.1)	0 (0.0)
L3	15 (35.8)	4 (50.0)
L4	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Behavior
Inflammatory	32 (76.2)	6 (75.0)	0.660
Structuring	7 (16.7)	2 (25.0)
Penetrate	3 (7.1)	0 (0.0)
Peri-anal disease	10 (23.8)	0 (0.0)	0.184
Symptoms2
Abdominal pain	26 (47.3)	8 (66.7)	0.340
Diarrhea	20 (36.4)	6 (50.0)	0.515
Rectal bleeding	5 (9.1)	1 (8.3)	1.000
Extra-intestinal manifestation	12 (21.8)	4 (33.3)	0.444
Asymptomatic	19 (34.5)	4 (33.3)	1.000
Current treatment2
No treatment	18 (32.7)	3 (25.0)	0.740
5-ASA	8 (14.5)	2 (16.7)	1.000
Thiopurines	6 (10.9)	1 (8.3)	1.000
Methotrexate	0 (0.0)	1 (8.3)	0.179
Biologic	21 (38.2)	3 (25.0)	0.515
Steroids	2 (3.6)	1 (8.3)	0.452
Elevated CRP2	27 (49.0)	9 (75.0)	0.152
Elevated fecal calprotectin2	19 (34.5)	4 (33.3)	1.000
Anemia2	10 (18.1)	3 (25.0)	0.633

¹Data was analyzed only among patients with established Crohn’s disease (low-volume protocol, n = 42; high-volume protocol, n = 8).

²Data was analyzed for the entire cohort (low-volume protocol, n = 55; high-volume protocol, n = 12).

LVP: Low-volume protocol; HVP: High-volume protocol; 5-ASA: 5-aminosalicylic acid; CRP: C-reactive protein.