Timing of intervention: Assessing early vs late endoscopic and surgical interventions in acute cholangitis

doi:10.4253/wjge.v18.i1.110353

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

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1948-5190

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Study

World J Gastrointest Endosc. Jan 16, 2026; 18(1): 110353
Published online Jan 16, 2026. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v18.i1.110353

Table 4 Outcomes by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography timing

Unweighted (n = 67738)	30-day readmission¹ [% (SE)]	No ERCP as the reference group [odds ratio (95%CI)]	P value	Urgent ERCP as the reference group	P value
ERCP
None (n = 1487)	19.9 (1.11)	Reference
Urgent ERCP (n = 5833)	17.9 (0.54)	0.85 (072-0.99)	0.046	Reference
Early ERCP (n = 16645)	21.3 (0.35)	0.91 (0.78-1.06)	0.24	1.08 (0.99-1.18)	0.079
Late ERCP (n = 7380)	25.2 (0.54)	1.08 (0.92-1.26)	0.36	1.28 (1.15-1.41)	< 0.001
Unweighted (n = 7004)	30-day mortality¹
ERCP
None (n = 302)	2.93 (0.96)	Reference
Urgent ERCP (n = 1118)	3.76 (0.58)	1.24 (0.58-2.65)	0.58	Reference
Early ERCP (n = 3586)	5.36 (0.36)	1.76 (0.85-3.59)	0.12	1.43 (0.99-2.05)	0.055
Late ERCP (n = 1896)	5.95 (0.54)	1.79 (0.87-3.69)	012	1.46 (0.97-2.15)	0.066
	Length of stay¹ [mean (SE)]	β (95%CI)		β (95%CI)
ERCP
None (n = 1487)	5.81 (0.14)	Reference
Urgent ERCP (n = 5833)	2.98 (0.043)	-2.70 (-2.98 to -2.42)	< 0.001	Reference
Early ERCP (n = 16645)	4.20 (0.029)	-1.61 (-1.89 to -1.33)	< 0.001	1.12 (1.02-1.23)	< 0.001
Late ERCP (n = 7380)	8.17 (0.073)	1.82 (1.52-2.14)	< 0.001	4.58 (4.42-4.73)	< 0.001
	Inflation-adjusted total cost² [mean (SE)]	β (95%CI)		β (95%CI)
ERCP
None (n = 1487)	20011.85 (446.7)	Reference
Urgent ERCP (n = 5833)	14024.95 (137.8)	-5433.6 (-6316.1 to -4551.0)	< 0.001	Reference
Early ERCP (n = 16645)	15164.99 (86.6)	-4826.5 (-5700.7 to -3952.2)	< 0.001	599.3 (263.8-934.7)	< 0.001
Late ERCP (n = 7380)	23509.59 (231.7)	1951.6 (972.5-2930.7)	< 0.001	7391.9 (6902.2-7881.7)	< 0.001

¹Multivariable linear regression adjusting for age, biological sex, income quartile, insurance status, hospital size and teaching status, Charlson Comorbidity index, complications associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and the cycle year.

²Multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age, biological sex, income quartile, insurance status, hospital size and teaching status, Charlson Comorbidity index, complications associated with ERCP, and the cycle year.

ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

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Citation: Choday S, Alsheikh J, Vyas N. Timing of intervention: Assessing early vs late endoscopic and surgical interventions in acute cholangitis. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2026; 18(1): 110353
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5190/full/v18/i1/110353.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4253/wjge.v18.i1.110353

Choday S, Alsheikh J, Vyas N. Timing of intervention: Assessing early vs late endoscopic and surgical interventions in acute cholangitis. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2026; 18(1): 110353 [PMID: 41607392 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v18.i1.110353]

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