Timing of intervention: Assessing early vs late endoscopic and surgical interventions in acute cholangitis

Table 3 Demographics by 30-day admission status

Demographics (unweighted n = 31811)	No 30-day readmission (n = 24807, 77.9%)	30-day readmission (n = 7004, 22.0%)	P value1
Age, years (mean, SE)	54.5 (0.11)	63.9 (0.19)	0.032
Sex, female (%, SE)	52.6 (0.35)	47.9 (0.65)	< 0.001
Income quartile (%, 95%CI)			< 0.001
1	25.6 (0.30)	25.1 (0.58)
2	28.0 (0.32)	25.9 (0.58)
3	25.7 (0.31)	26.5 (0.59)
4	20.6 (0.26)	22.6 (0.52)
Primary payer (%, SE)			0.008
Medicare	55.9 (0.35)	54.9 (0.65)
Medicaid	9.62 (0.19)	11.1 (0.39)
Private	29.2 (0.31)	29.4 (0.59)
Self-pay	2.50 (0.11)	2.18 (0.19)
Other	27.5 (0.11)	2.41 (0.20)
Elective admission (%, SE)	13.0 (0.25)	8.96 (0.39)	< 0.001
Weekend admission (%, SE)	19.2 (0.27)	18.7 (0.52)	0.41
Hospital location (%, SE)			< 0.001
Urban/non-teaching	14.9 (0.10)	14.0 (0.37)
Urban/teaching	82.4 (0.11)	84.0 (0.40)
Rural	2.67 (0.045)	1.95 (0.16)
Hospital bed size (%, SE)			0.52
Small	10.9 (0.097)	10.7 (0.35)
Medium	21.3 (0.13)	20.7 (0.48)
Large	67.8 (0.15)	68.6 (0.55)
Charlson Comorbidity Index (mean, SE)	3.11 (0.022)	4.07 (0.044)	< 0.001
Septic shock (%, SE)	0.54 (0.048)	0.76 (0.10)	0.038
Severe sepsis (%, SE)	0.48 (0.046)	0.47 (0.091)	0.92
SIRS with organ failure (%, SE)	0.075 (0.017)	0.021 (0.015)	0.071
SIRS without organ failure (%, SE)	0.93 (0.063)	0.79 (0.11)	0.27
Respiratory failure (%, SE)	2.32 (0.11)	2.63 (0.21)	0.17
Kidney failure (%, SE)	12.7 (0.23)	13.9 (0.45)	0.024
Thrombocytopenia (%, SE)	3.72 (0.13)	4.51 (0.27)	0.006
Altered mental status (%, SE)	0.21 (0.028)	0.15 (0.051)	0.40
Abnormal coagulation (%, SE)	1.38 (0.082)	1.87 (0.19)	0.011
Bile duct perforation (%, SE)	0.73 (0.061)	0.51 (0.089)	0.054
Post procedural bleeding (%, SE)	0.37 (0.042)	0.32 (0.080)	0.62
Chronic pancreatitis (%, SE)	5.52 (0.17)	5.25 (0.32)	0.43
Acute pancreatitis (%, SE)	7.17 (0.17)	7.85 (0.34)	0.069
Abdominal pain (%, SE)	3.34 (0.13)	3.09 (0.22)	0.039
Jaundice (%, SE)	5.76 (0.16)	5.67 (0.29)	0.77
Cholelithiasis	6.75 (0.17)	5.87 (0.32)	0.019
Choledocholithiasis (%, SE)	2.03 (0.095)	1.28 (0.14)	< 0.001
Biliary obstruction (%, SE)	82.6 (0.26)	87.7 (0.45)	< 0.001
Carcinoma of intrahepatic bile duct (%, SE)	4.59 (0.15)	6.68 (0.34)	< 0.001
Malignant neoplasm of pancreas (%, SE)	16.5 (0.25)	17.9 (0.49)	< 0.001
Inflation-adjusted total cost (mean, SE)	16526.26 (83.9)	19234.87 (210.8)	< 0.001
Length of stay (mean, SE)	4.73 (0.029)	5.67 (0.067)	< 0.001

¹Continuous variables compared using weighted linear regression. Categorical variables compared using χ² analysis.

Not shown due to Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project regulations regarding 10 or fewer observed observations. Group excluded from comparison. SIRS: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome.