Endoscopic techniques and factors for complications in pediatric esophageal foreign body removal

Table 6 Analysis of the clinical outcome of children who underwent upper digestive endoscopy for impacted foreign body in the esophagus, n (%)

Variable	Clinical outcome		P value1
	High, n = 161	Death, n = 5
Endoscopic technique			0.680
Flexible	82 (50.9)	2 (40.0)
Rigid	79 (49.1)	3 (60.0)
Endoscopic procedure			0.004
Successful	148 (91.9)	2 (40.0)
Pushed into the stomach	4 (2.5)	0 (0.0)
Unsuccessful	9 (5.6)	3 (60.0)
Surgical procedure			< 0.001
No	161 (100.0)	0 (0.0)
Yes	0 (0.0)	5 (100.0)
LOS (days)			0.017
mean ± SD	2.6 ± 2.7	3.6 ± 8.0
Complications			< 0.001
Mucosal edema	20 (12.4)	0 (0.0)
Mucosal erosion	26 (16.1)	0 (0.0)
None	107 (66.5)	0 (0.0)
Esophageal perforations	8 (5.0)	5 (100.0)

¹Fisher's exact test; Wilcoxon rank sum test.

LOS: Length of stay.