Endoscopic techniques and factors for complications in pediatric esophageal foreign body removal

Table 4 Factors related to complications from foreign bodies lodged in the esophagus, n (%)

Variable	Complications		P value1
	No, n = 107	Yes, n = 59
Impaction time (hours)			< 0.001
< 24	47 (43.9)	15 (25.4)
24-48	52 (48.6)	26 (44.1)
> 48	8 (7.5)	18 (30.5)
Location of the FB			< 0.001
Cervical esophagus	79 (73.8)	22 (37.3)
Thoracic esophagus	16 (15.0)	28 (47.5)
Abdominal esophagus	12 (11.2)	9 (15.3)
Nature of the FB			0.003
Inorganic	99 (92.5)	46 (78.0)
Organic	8 (7.5)	13 (22.0)
FB type			< 0.001
Coin	85 (79.4)	10 (16.9)
Battery	9 (8.4)	23 (39.0)
Food	8 (7.5)	12 (20.3)
Non-rechargeable battery	4 (3.7)	8 (13.6)
Bone	1 (0.9)	5 (8.5)
Needle	0 (0.0)	1 (1.7)

¹Fisher’s exact test; Wilcoxon rank-sum test; Pearson's χ² test.

FB: Foreign body.