Advances in endoscopic dysplasia detection in inflammatory bowel disease

Table 5 Comparative studies of multiple advanced endoscopic modalities for dysplasia detection in inflammatory bowel disease

Ref.	Techniques compared	Study design	Key findings
Hlavaty et al[35], 2011	SD WLE vs DCE vs CLE	Prospective cohort	Targeted biopsies are superior to random; DCE increased IEN detection; CLE did not add clinical benefit due to low evaluability of polypoid lesions
Iacucci et al[36], 2018	HD WLE vs HD DCE vs VCE (iSCAN)	Multicenter RCT	No significant difference in neoplasia detection; VCE had the best lesion visibility and was the most time-efficient
Gasia et al[3], 2016	HD WLE vs HD DCE vs HD CLE	Prospective observational	CLE combined with targeted biopsies provided the highest dysplasia detection rate, though more resource-intensive; random biopsies added little value

SD: Standard definition; HD: High definition; WLE: White light endoscopy; DCE: Dye-based chromoendoscopy; CLE: Confocal laser endomicroscopy; VCE: Virtual chromoendoscopy; IEN: Intraepithelial neoplasia; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.