Advances in endoscopic dysplasia detection in inflammatory bowel disease

Table 2 Comparison of conventional/high definition colonoscopy and dye chromoendoscopy for dysplasia detection in inflammatory bowel disease

Ref.	Techniques compared	Study design	Key findings
Alexandersson et al[16], 2020	HD WLE vs HD DCE	RCT, 305 IBD patients	HD DCE detected dysplasia in 14% vs 6% with HD WLE (P = 0.020); superior for macroscopic dysplasia and lesions per 10-minute withdrawal
Carballal et al[2], 2018	HD WLE vs HD DCE (real-life)	Prospective real-world cohort	Dysplasia detection: 11.5% with CE vs 2.6% with WLE; CE significantly improved detection, mostly by targeted biopsies
Coelho-Prabhu et al[17], 2021	HD WLE vs HD DCE	Prospective observational	No significant difference in dysplasia detection; CE associated with longer procedure time
Yang et al[15], 2019	HD WLE (random) vs HD DCE (targeted)	Multicenter RCT	No significant difference in CAD detection (3.9% CE vs 5.6% WLE); CE reduced the number of biopsies
Kiesslich et al[18], 2003	SD WLE vs CE (Indigo carmine)	RCT	CE detected 32 lesions vs 10 lesions with WLE (P < 0.005); more flat/invisible dysplasia
Marion et al[19], 2008	SD WLE vs DCE	Prospective single-center	CE detected more dysplasia and additional lesions missed by WLE
Mooiweer et al[20], 2015	SD WLE + random biopsies vs DCE + targeted	Multicenter retrospective	No significant difference in dysplasia detection (11% vs 10%, P = 0.80)
Marion et al[21], 2016	SD WLE vs DCE	Prospective follow-up	CE did not increase detection in patients with prior negative colonoscopy
Freire et al[22], 2014	SD WLE vs DCE	RCT in UC patients	CE had higher dysplasia detection (28.2% vs 11.6%, P = 0.01)
Wan et al[23], 2021	SD WLE (targeted) vs DCE (targeted)	Multicenter RCT, long-term follow-up	CE superior for long-term surveillance (9.7% vs 1.9%, P = 0.004); detected more non-polypoid lesions
Te Groen M et al[24], 2025	HD WLE with segmental re-inspection vs HD DCE	Multicenter RCT (HELIOS)	HD WLE with re-inspection was non-inferior to HD DCE (10.3% vs 13.1%) for dysplasia detection

HD: High definition; WLE: White light endoscopy; DCE: Dye-based chromoendoscopy; SD: Standard definition; CE: Chromoendoscopy; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; CAD: Colitis-associated dysplasia.