Endoscopic treatment of malignant hilar biliary obstruction: A retrospective cohort study

Table 2 Clinical outcomes according to treatment strategy, mean ± SD

	Number of ERCP	Number of failures	Episodes of cholangitis	Occlusion time in days
Stent implantation strategy
UCSEMS	5.4 ± 3.7	0.7 ± 1.0	2.1 ± 2.0	122.5 ± 124.8
Plastic	2.5 ± 2.1	0.6 ± 1.1	0.8 ± 0.9	80.0 ± 99.9
Mixed approach	4.5 ± 2.9	0.5 ± 0.8	1.7 ± 1.5	84.4 ± 91.3
P value	< 0.0001	0.7354	0.0001	0.0066
Drainage approach
Unilateral	1.9 ± 0.9	1.5 ± 1.0	0.7 ± 0.8	115.6 ± 195.1
Bilateral	4.0 ± 3.4	0.4 ± 0.9	1.5 ± 1.7	99.4 ± 111.4
P value	0.0276	0.0001	0.2412	0.2748
Stent type
Plastic	3.4 ± 2.7	0.5 ± 1.0	1.2 ± 1.3	82.1 ± 95.5
Metal	5.4 ± 3.7	0.7 ± 1.0	2.1 ± 2.0	122.5 ± 124.8
P value	0.0001	0.5364	0.0076	0.0032
Adjunctive therapy
RFA	7.6 ± 4.2	0.5 ± 1.0	3.0 ± 2.4	79.6 ± 43.7
Non-RFA	3.3 ± 2.4	0.6 ± 1.0	1.2 ± 1.2	96.3 ± 113.9
P value	< 0.0001	0.4589	0.0002	0.5418
Chemotherapy	3.1 ± 2.5	0.4 ± 0.6	1.7 ± 1.7	103.6 ± 101.9
Non-chemotherapy	4.8 ± 3.5	0.7 ± 1.2	1.2 ± 1.4	82.7 ± 109.9
P value	0.0002	0.6782	0.0509	0.0042

ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; UCSEMS: Uncovered self-expandable metal stents; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation.