Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in pediatric and adult populations: 17-year experience from Pakistan with trends, complications, and global comparison

Table 5 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography findings of native biliary and pancreatic cases

ERCP findings	n	%
Benign cases
CBD stones	4901	53.2
Mirizzi syndrome	53	0.6
Normal CBD	1545	16.8
Bile leak	740	8.0
Post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy stricture	55	0.6
CBD worms	28	0.3
Choledochal cyst	61	0.7
Cannulation successful in benign biliary cases	6955	94.2
Cannulation unsuccessful in benign biliary cases	428	5.8
Malignant strictures
Periampullary cancer	477	5.2
Gallbladder mass	66	0.7
Perihilar stricture	329	3.6
Pancreatic mass	262	2.9
Indeterminate stricture	679	7.4
Total malignant strictures	1813	19.7
Gastric outlet obstruction, ampulla not accessed	350
Cannulation successful in malignant strictures	1681	92.7
Cannulation unsuccessful in malignant stricture cases	132	7.3
Pancreatic cases
Normal PD	27	7.8
Dilated PD	160	46.2
DPDS	22	6.4
PD stones	83	24.0
PD stricture	80	23.1
Pancreatic divisum	75	21.7

CBD: Common bile duct; PD: Pancreatic duct; DPDS: Disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome.