Outcomes of inpatient cholecystectomy among adults with cystic fibrosis in the United States

Table 3 Comparison of characteristics between subjects with cystic fibrosis who underwent open compared to laparoscopic cholecystectomy from 2002 to 2014

	Laparoscopic CCY (n = 973)		Open CCY (n = 266)
	n	%	n	%	P value
Patient and hospital characteristics
Age (mean ± SE)	30.78	0.86	33.11	1.95	0.272
Gender					0.005
Male	330	33.92	145	54.60
Female	643	66.08	121	45.40
Race					0.911
White	718	90.92	199	90.93
Black	≤ 10	≤ 1.03	≤ 10	≤ 3.76
Hispanic	29	3.65	≤ 10	≤ 3.76
Other	33	4.13	≤ 10	≤ 3.76
Income quartile					0.110
First	210	23.22	60	23.86
Second	221	24.47	100	39.95
Third	264	29.20	48	19.34
Fourth	209	23.11	42	16.85
Primary payer					0.265
Medicare	221	22.73	34	12.86
Medicaid	177	18.23	37	14.07
Private insurance	482	49.56	164	61.69
Other	92	9.47	30	11.38
Elixhauser co-morbidity score					0.311
< 3	778	79.93	196	73.81
≥ 3	195	20.07	70	26.19
Chronic respiratory failure	24	2.50	0	0.00	-
Hospital bed size					0.244
Small	71	7.29	19	7.21
Medium	219	22.58	87	33.34
Large	679	70.13	155	59.45
Hospital location/teaching status					0.476
Rural	53	5.45	≤ 10	≤ 3.76
Urban non-teaching	193	19.94	59	22.67
Urban teaching	723	74.61	197	75.56
Hospital region					0.812
Northeast	167	17.15	43	16.12
Midwest	258	26.53	76	28.73
South	378	38.85	88	33.27
West	170	17.47	58	21.88
Indication for cholecystectomy1
Acute cholecystitis	527	54.17	69	26.07
Chronic cholecystitis	84	8.61	14	5.28
Gallstone disease without cholecystitis	285	29.25	45	16.82
Biliary dyskinesia2	58	5.95	≤ 10	≤ 3.76
Other	20	2.02	133	50.18

¹Hierarchy model.

²Where n ≤ 10, the exact value is censored to protect patient privacy, per Nationwide Inpatient Sample regulation. CCY: Cholecystectomy.