Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography guided interventions in the management of pancreatic cancer

Table 3 Prospective/retrospective studies on the diagnostic yield of fluoroscopic guided endobiliary forceps biopsy for malignant biliary stricture

Ref.	Year	No. of patients	No of patients with malignant strictures	TP on forceps biopsy	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)
Moura et al[10]	2018	50	48	40	44	100	100	7
Tanaka et al[47]	2018	123	123	80	65	NA	NA	NA
Naitoh et al[48]	2016	208	160	97	61	100	100	43.2
Chen et al[49]	2016	79	65	35	54	100	100	31.82
Nishikawa et al[50]	2014	72	64	32	50	96	97	40.7
Kawashima et al[51]	2012	61	34	26	76	100	NA	NA
Hartman et al[41]	2012	81	38	30	76	100	100	81
Draganov et al[42]	2012	26	17	5	29	100	100	43
Wright et al[43]	2011	133	117	84	72	100	100	36
Weber et al[36]	2008	58	58	31	53	NA	NA	NA
Kitajima et al[37]	2007	60	NA	NA	62	100	NA	NA
Rösch et al[15]	2004	50	28	28	36	100	NA	NA
Jailwala et al[26]	2000	133	104	48	43	90	94	31
Schoefl et al[44]	1997	103	58	38	65	100	100	69
Sugiyama et al[35]	1996	43	31	25	81	100	100	67
Ponchon et al[30]	1995	128	82	35	43	97	97	41
Pugliese et al[29]	1995	52	36	19	53	100	100	48
Kubota et al[45]	1993	41	32	26	81	100	100	75
Pugliese et al[34]	1987	22	06	06	100	100	NA	NA
Total	-	1453	1101	685	611	1001	-	-

¹Median value of available data. Decimal numbers are rounded off. TP: True positive; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value; NA: Data not available.