Renal and perinephric abscesses in West China Hospital: 10-year retrospective-descriptive study

Table 1 Characteristics of patients with renal or perinephric abscesses n (%)

Variables	ValueTotal (n = 98)
Lumbar pain	75 (76.5)
Fever	52 (53.1)
Chills	28 (28.6)
Anorexia and vomiting	25 (25.5)
Lethargy	10 (10.2)
Abdominal pain	11 (11.2)
Flank mass	12 (12.2)
Flank fistula	2 (2.0)
Gross hematuria	7 (7.1)
Frequency	14 (14.3)
Dysuria	9 (9.2)
Pyuria	5 (5.1)
Loss of weight	1 (1.0)
Painful percussion of the CVA	86 (87.8)

CVA: Costovertebral angle.

Table 2 Blood and urine analysis

Variables	Value
	RA	PNA
Blood analysis	64	30
WBC (109/L)	10.82 (range: 2.42-29.95)	12.40 (range: 2.68-25.45)
NEUT (%)	81.00 (range: 48.30-96.00)	79.00 (range: 49.30-94.70)
HGB (g/L)	105.75 ± 22.52	101.66 ± 20.13
BUN (mmol/L)	5.26 (range: 1.10-20.30)	5.10 (range: 2.80-23.18)
Serum creatinine (umol/L)	82.00 (range: 25.10-346.00)	86.60 (range: 49.00-560.0)
Urine analysis	64	30
No finding (%)	13 (13.3)	3 (3.1)
Hematuria (%)	47 (48.0)	23 (23.5)
Pyuria (%)	16 (16.3)	8 (8.2)
Proteinuria (%)	32 (32.7)	16 (16.3)
Leukocyturia (%)	41 (41.8)	23 (23.5)

RA: Renal abscess; PNA: Perinephric abscess; WBC: White blood cell; NEUT: Neutrophil count; HGB: Hemoglobin; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen.

Table 3 Treatment and outcome

Variables	Abscess size (cm)	Hospital stay (d)	No. of Patients (RA/PNA)	Cure (RA/PNA )	Clinical improvement (RA/PNA )	Death (RA/PNA)
Ab	4.00 (range: 1.80-10.50)	20.7	23 (19/4)	2 (2/0)	21 (17/4)	0 (0/0)
Intervention	7.65 (range: 0.50-20.00)	15.9	75 (49/26)	54 (38/16)	20 (10/10)	1 (1/0)
Ab + PCD			8	3	4	1
Ab + pigtails			2	1	1	0
Ab + nephrostomy			4	0	4	0
Ab + SD			29	21	8	0
Ab + NC			32	29	3	0
RA	6.25 (range: 0.50-17.00)		68	40	27	1
PNA	8.35 (range: 4.50-20.00)		30	16	14	0

Ab: Antibiotic; PCD: Percutaneous drainage; SD: Surgical drainage; NC: Nephrectomy.

Table 4 Causative microorganisms isolated from blood, abscess and urine culture

Variables	Culture
	Blood(Total = 92)	Pus(Total = 54)	Urine(Total = 91)
No finding	79	21	68
Escherichia coli	8	17	10
Staphylococcus aureus	2	4	1
Klebsiella pneumoniaee	1	3	2
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1	1	1
Other
Enterobacteriaceae	1	3	2
Entercoccus faecium	0	0	2
Enterococcus faecalis	0	1	0
Candida	0	2	5
Aspergillus	0	2	0

Table 5 The antibiotic resistance rate of causative pathogens isolated

Variables	Causative pathogens isolated
	Escherichiacoli(n = 35)	Klebsiellapneumoniae(n = 6)	Staphylococcusaureus(n = 7)
Penicillin (%)	85.0	100.0	62.5
Levofloxacin (%)	46.2	0	50.0
Gentamicin (%)	53.3	0	50.0
Amikacin (%)	5.0	0	-
Cefotaxime (%)	61.1	50.0	50.0
Ceftriaxone (%)	63.2	50.0	-
Imipenem/cilastatin (%)	0	0	60.0
Vancomycin (%)	-	-	0
ST (%)	70.0	0	37.5

ST: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Table 6 Imaging results

Results	Imaging tool
	US(Total = 80)	CT(Total = 63)	MRI(Total = 3)
Negative (%)	2 (2.0)	1 (1.0)
Abscess (%)	23 (23.5)	37 (37.8)	1 (1.0)
Hydronephrosis (%)	26 (26.5)	8 (8.2)
Mass (%)	13 (13.3)	11 (11.2)	2 (2.0)
Echogenic alteration (%)	11 (11.2)
Cyst (%)	4 (4.1)	4 (4.1)
Hematoma (%)	1 (1.0)	2 (2.0)

US: Ultrasound; CT: Computerized tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging.