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Lewis N, Lagopoulos J, Villani A. Gut-Brain Inflammatory Pathways in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: The Role and Therapeutic Potential of Diet. Metabolites 2025; 15:335. [PMID: 40422911 DOI: 10.3390/metabo15050335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2025] [Revised: 05/05/2025] [Accepted: 05/16/2025] [Indexed: 05/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder that often persists into adulthood, leading to various adverse outcomes. Its underlying pathology is multifactorial, involving neurotransmitter imbalances, gut microbiota alterations, and oxidative and inflammatory dysregulation. Diet, a key environmental modifier of gut ecology, is consistently poorer in individuals with ADHD, with multiple nutrients implicated in its pathophysiology. This review examines the role of specific nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, key micronutrients, and potentially harmful dietary components, as well as broader dietary patterns, particularly the Western diet and Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), in relation to ADHD symptoms. It also evaluates both whole-diet and supplement-based clinical interventions, supporting the growing recognition of nutrition as a safe and relatively affordable modifiable factor in ADHD management. Additionally, the biological mechanisms linking diet to ADHD are reviewed, highlighting strong evidence for the involvement of gut dysbiosis and inflammatory processes. Despite the well-documented antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and microbiome benefits of the MedDiet, direct research investigating its role in ADHD remains limited. Most whole-diet approaches to date have focused on elimination diets, leaving a significant gap in understanding the potential role of the MedDiet in ADHD management. Therefore, this review outlines preliminary evidence supporting the MedDiet and its key components as modulators of ADHD-related biological pathways, indicating its potential as a therapeutic approach. However, further research is required to rigorously evaluate its clinical efficacy. Finally, the limitations of observational and interventional nutritional research in ADHD are discussed, along with recommendations for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Lewis
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Dr., Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
- Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, 12 Innovation Pkwy., Birtinya, QLD 4575, Australia
| | - Jim Lagopoulos
- Thompson Brain and Mind Healthcare, Eccles Blvd., Birtinya, QLD 4575, Australia
| | - Anthony Villani
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Dr., Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
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Chen Z, Xiao C, Zhang J, Jian S, Li P, Lin J, He C, Chen Z, Qi Y, Shi J, Chen Q, Chen J, Bo H. The Impact of Diet on the Colonization of Beneficial Microbes from an Ecological Perspective. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2025; 73:10069-10092. [PMID: 40234746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c02086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2025]
Abstract
With growing recognition of the pivotal role of gut microbiota in human health, probiotics have gained widespread attention for their potential to restore microbial homeostasis. However, a critical challenge persists: limited colonization efficiency among most probiotic strains compromises their therapeutic efficacy. This overview synthesizes ecological principles with cutting-edge microbiome research to elucidate the dynamic interplay between dietary components and probiotic colonization within the intestinal niche. This overview systematically analyzes: (1) stage-specific colonization mechanisms spanning microbial introduction, establishment, and proliferation; (2) nutrient-driven modulation of gut microbiota composition and function; and (3) the dual role of common dietary patterns as both facilitators and disruptors of probiotic persistence. Notably, this overview identifies key dietary strategies, including precision delivery of prebiotic fibers and polyphenol-microbiota crosstalk, that enhance niche adaptation through pH optimization, adhesion potentiation, and competitive exclusion of pathogens. Furthermore, this overview critically evaluates current limitations in probiotic research, particularly strain-specific variability and methodological constraints in simulating host-microbe-diet tripartite interactions. To bridge these gaps, this overview proposes an interdisciplinary framework integrating omics-driven strain selection, engineered delivery systems, and personalized nutrition models. Collectively, this work advances a mechanistic understanding of diet-microbiota interactions while providing actionable insights for developing targeted probiotic therapies and evidence-based dietary interventions to optimize gut ecosystem resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Chen
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Chuntao Xiao
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Jiantang Zhang
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Shiqi Jian
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Pinyue Li
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Jiayi Lin
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Cai He
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Zixia Chen
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Yutong Qi
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Jingwen Shi
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Qizhu Chen
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Huaben Bo
- School of Bioscience and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
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Dutta R, Stothers L, Ackerman AL. Manipulating the Gut Microbiome in Urinary Tract Infection-Prone Patients. Urol Clin North Am 2024; 51:525-536. [PMID: 39349020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2024.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Although antibiotics remain the mainstay of urinary tract infection treatment, many affected women can be caught in a vicious cycle in which antibiotics given to eradicate one infection predispose them to develop another. This effect is primarily mediated by disturbances in the gut microbiome that both directly enrich for uropathogenic overgrowth and induce systemic alterations in inflammation, tissue permeability, and metabolism that also decrease host resistance to infection recurrences. Here, we discuss nonantibiotic approaches to manipulating the gut microbiome to reverse the systemic consequences of antibiotics, including cranberry supplementation and other dietary approaches, probiotic administration, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Dutta
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1738, USA
| | - Lynn Stothers
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1738, USA
| | - A Lenore Ackerman
- Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1738, USA.
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Hu M, Xiang Q, Mei Z, Gong C, Pan D, Liu Y, Li Z. Bacterial and clinical metabolic signatures and their interactions in obese patients post-bariatric surgery. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:363. [PMID: 39394090 PMCID: PMC11470734 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a growing health concern in China, closely linked to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) is effective in promoting weight loss and improving metabolic outcomes. Emerging evidence highlights the role of gut microbiota in metabolic regulation, yet the specific alterations in gut microbiota and their association with metabolic changes post-surgery in Chinese patients remain unclear. Understanding these shifts could provide key insights into optimizing treatment strategies for metabolic improvement following bariatric surgery. METHODS Stool samples and clinical data were collected from 30 obese patients before and 6 months after surgery. The composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the association between gut microbiota and clinical indicators. RESULTS The analysis of 30 patients showed a significant decrease in Body Mass Index (BMI) (36.75 ± 4.09 kg/m2 vs 26.37 ± 3.47 kg/m2, p < 0.0001). Glucose metabolism, including Hemoglobin A1C levels, improved significantly (6.05 ± 0.96 vs 5.05 ± 0.25, p < 0.0001), and liver function as well as serum lipid levels were also notably improved. LSG increased the richness and composition of gut microbiota in obese patients post-surgery. These changes in gut microbiota were closely associated with improved clinical metabolic parameters. CONCLUSION LSG not only significantly reduces body weight while also alleviating metabolic syndrome and comorbidities by altering gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
- Bariatric and Metabolic Diseases Surgery Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Qiaoyuan Xiang
- Neurology Department, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Zixuan Mei
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
- Bariatric and Metabolic Diseases Surgery Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Cheng Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
- Bariatric and Metabolic Diseases Surgery Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Dingyu Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
- Bariatric and Metabolic Diseases Surgery Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Yumin Liu
- Neurology Department, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
- Bariatric and Metabolic Diseases Surgery Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
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Subedi U, Raychaudhuri S, Fan S, Ogedengbe O, Obanda DN. Fermenting kale ( Brassica oleracea L.) enhances its functional food properties by increasing accessibility of key phytochemicals and reducing antinutritional factors. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:5480-5496. [PMID: 39139952 PMCID: PMC11317736 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The properties of kale as a functional food are well established. We sought to determine how fermentation further enhances these properties. We tested different fermentation conditions: (i) spontaneous fermentation with naturally occurring bacteria, (ii) spontaneous fermentation with 2% salt, (iii) Lactococcus lactis, (iv) Lactobacillus acidophilus, (v) mixture of L. lactis and L. acidophilus, (vi) mixture of L. lactis, L. acidophilus, and Clostridium butyricum. We quantified selected bioactive components using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and antinutritional factors using a gravimetric method and spectrophotometry. We then determined (i) the antioxidant capacity of the vegetable, (ii) anti-inflammation capacity, and (iii) the surface microbiota composition by 16S sequencing. All fermentation methods imparted some benefits. However, fermentation with mixed culture of L. lactis and L. acidophilus was most effective in increasing polyphenols and sulforaphane accessibility, increasing antioxidant activity, and reducing antinutritional factors. Specifically, fermentation with L. lactis and L. acidophilus increased total polyphenols from 8.5 to 10.7 mgGAE/g (milligrams of gallium acid equivalent per gram) and sulforaphane from 960.8 to 1777 μg/g (microgram per gram) but decreased the antinutritional factors oxalate and tannin. Total oxalate was reduced by 49%, while tannin was reduced by 55%-65%. The antioxidant capacity was enhanced but not the anti-inflammation potential. Both unfermented and fermented kale protected equally against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages and prevented increases in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 messenger RNA (IL-6 mRNA) expression by 84.3%, 62%, 68%, and 85.5%, respectively. Unfermented and naturally fermented kale had high proportions of sulfur reducing Desulfubrio and Proteobacteria usually associated with inflammation. Fermenting with L. lactis and/or L. acidophilus changed the bacterial proportions, reducing the Proteobacteria while increasing the genera Lactobacilli and Lactococcus. In summary, fermentation enhances the well-known beneficial impacts of kale. Fermentation with mixed cultures of L. lactis and L. acidophilus imparts higher benefits compared to the single cultures or fermentation with native bacteria present in the vegetable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjwol Subedi
- Department of Nutrition and Food SciencesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA
| | - Samnhita Raychaudhuri
- Department of Nutrition and Food SciencesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA
| | - Si Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Food SciencesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA
| | - Opeyemi Ogedengbe
- Department of Nutrition and Food SciencesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA
| | - Diana N. Obanda
- Department of Nutrition and Food SciencesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA
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Holman JM, Colucci L, Baudewyns D, Balkan J, Hunt T, Hunt B, Kinney M, Holcomb L, Stratigakis A, Chen G, Moses PL, Mawe GM, Zhang T, Li Y, Ishaq SL. Steamed broccoli sprouts alleviate DSS-induced inflammation and retain gut microbial biogeography in mice. mSystems 2023; 8:e0053223. [PMID: 37702510 PMCID: PMC10654075 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00532-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Evaluating bacterial communities across different locations in the gut provides a greater insight than fecal samples alone and provides an additional metric by which to evaluate beneficial host-microbe interactions. Here, we show that 10% steamed broccoli sprouts in the diet protects mice from the negative effects of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, that colitis erases biogeographic patterns of bacterial communities in the gut, and that the cecum is not likely to be a significant contributor to colonic bacteria of interest in the DSS mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Mice fed the broccoli sprout diet during colitis performed better than mice fed the control diet while receiving DSS. The identification of accessible dietary components and concentrations that help maintain and correct the gut microbiome may provide universal and equitable approaches to IBD prevention and recovery, and broccoli sprouts represent a promising strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M. Holman
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Louisa Colucci
- Department of Biology, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA
| | - Dorien Baudewyns
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Joe Balkan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Benjamin Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Marissa Kinney
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Lola Holcomb
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Allesandra Stratigakis
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA
| | - Grace Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Peter L. Moses
- Departments of Neurological Sciences and of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
- Finch Therapeutics, Somerville, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gary M. Mawe
- Departments of Neurological Sciences and of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA
| | - Yanyan Li
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Suzanne L. Ishaq
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
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Kim GY, Kim SA, Kong SY, Seong H, Bae JH, Han NS. Synergistic Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Kale Juice Fermented with Limosilactobacills reuteri EFEL6901 or Limosilactobacills fermentum EFEL6800. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1850. [PMID: 37891929 PMCID: PMC10604225 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the synergistic impact of fermenting kale juice with Limosilactobacillus strains on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Kale's rich nutrient profile, especially its flavonoids, offers potential health benefits. Probiotic lactic acid bacteria are employed in kale fermentation to enhance nutrient bioavailability and generate bioactive compounds. Kale juices fermented with L. reuteri EFEL6901 or L. fermentum EFEL6800 exhibited superior microbial growth. Free sugars and amino acids were converted to alcohols and organic acids, affecting the organoleptic and health-related properties of the product. In addition, fermentation increased quercetin and kaempferol content, indicating improved availability. Furthermore, the fermented juice exhibited notable antioxidant activity and suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production, revealing anti-inflammatory potential. Gene expression analysis confirmed reduced pro-inflammatory markers such as iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, and IL-1β and elevated anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10. This research highlights the promising potential of fermented kale juice, enriched with Limosilactobacillus strains, as a functional food with combined antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nam Soo Han
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry, Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (G.Y.K.); (S.-A.K.); (S.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.-H.B.)
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Aljuraiban GS, Algabsani SS, Sabico S, AlShammari S, Aljazairy EA, AL-Musharaf S. Types of fiber and gut microbiota composition and diversity among arab females. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103767. [PMID: 37609544 PMCID: PMC10440561 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dietary fiber is recognized as an important nutrient for gut health. However, research on the relations of different types of fibers (soluble and insoluble) to the human microbiota health is limited. This study aimed to identify whether higher habitual intake of soluble and/or insoluble fiber have a different influence on the composition, diversity, and abundance of microbiota. METHODS We examined the fecal microbial composition of 92 healthy females aged 18 and above using the novel shotgun metagenomics sequencing technique. The habitual fiber intake was determined using the Saudi food frequency questionnaire. Pearson's correlation was used for the correlations between total, soluble, and insoluble fiber and gut microbiota. α- and β-diversities were applied to acquire the distinctions in the relative abundances of bacterial taxa. RESULTS Our findings show that higher dietary fiber, particularly insoluble fiber, was significantly correlated with the abundances of Bacteroides_u_s, Bacteroides uniformis, and Lactobacillus acidophilus (r = 0.26, 0.29, 0.26, p-value < 0.05, respectively). Non-significant difference was noted in the microbial α-diversity and β-diversity in low and high soluble/insoluble dietary fiber. CONCLUSIONS Current findings suggest that insoluble dietary-fiber intake is favorably correlated with the health of the human gut microbiota. However, further investigations are necessary to identify the effect of types of fiber on the specific species identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah S. Algabsani
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem AlShammari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esra'a A. Aljazairy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara AL-Musharaf
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
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Wang X, Li X, Zhang L, An L, Guo L, Huang L, Gao W. Recent progress in plant-derived polysaccharides with prebiotic potential for intestinal health by targeting gut microbiota: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:12242-12271. [PMID: 37651130 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2248631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural products of plant origin are of high interest and widely used, especially in the food industry, due to their low toxicity and wide range of bioactive properties. Compared to other plant components, the safety of polysaccharides has been generally recognized. As dietary fibers, plant-derived polysaccharides are mostly degraded in the intestine by polysaccharide-degrading enzymes secreted by gut microbiota, and have potential prebiotic activity in both non-disease and disease states, which should not be overlooked, especially in terms of their involvement in the treatment of intestinal diseases and the promotion of intestinal health. This review elucidates the regulatory effects of plant-derived polysaccharides on gut microbiota and summarizes the mechanisms involved in targeting gut microbiota for the treatment of intestinal diseases. Further, the structure-activity relationships between different structural types of plant-derived polysaccharides and the occurrence of their prebiotic activity are further explored. Finally, the practical applications of plant-derived polysaccharides in food production and food packaging are summarized and discussed, providing important references for expanding the application of plant-derived polysaccharides in the food industry or developing functional dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingzhuo An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Raychaudhuri S, Shahinozzaman M, Subedi U, Fan S, Ogedengbe O, Obanda DN. The Vegetable 'Kale' Protects against Dextran-Sulfate-Sodium-Induced Acute Inflammation through Moderating the Ratio of Proinflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory LPS-Producing Bacterial Taxa and Augmenting the Gut Barrier in C57BL6 Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3222. [PMID: 37513639 PMCID: PMC10383939 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala), a food rich in bioactive phytochemicals, prevents diet-induced inflammation and gut dysbiosis. We hypothesized that the phytochemicals protect against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammation which results from gut dysbiosis and loss of gut barrier integrity. We designed this study to test the protective effects of the whole vegetable by feeding C57BL/6J mice a rodent high-fat diet supplemented with or without 4.5% kale (0.12 g per 30 g mouse) for 2 weeks before administering 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) via drinking water. After one week, DSS increased the representation of proinflammatory LPS (P-LPS)-producing genera Enterobacter and Klebsiella in colon contents, reduced the representation of anti-inflammatory LPS (A-LPS)-producing taxa from Bacteroidales, reduced the expression of tight junction proteins, increased serum LPS binding protein, upregulated molecular and histopathological markers of inflammation in the colon and shortened the colons. Mice fed kale for 2 weeks before the DSS regime had a significantly reduced representation of Enterobacter and Klebsiella and instead had increased Bacteroidales and Gram-positive taxa and enhanced expression of tight junction proteins. Downstream positive effects of dietary kale were lack of granuloma in colon samples, no shortening of the colon and prevention of inflammation; the expression of F4/80, TLR4 and cytokines 1L-1b, IL-6, TNF-a and iNOS was not different from that of the control group. We conclude that through reducing the proliferation of P-LPS-producing bacteria and augmenting the integrity of the gut barrier, kale protects against DSS-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samnhita Raychaudhuri
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Md Shahinozzaman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ujjwol Subedi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Si Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Opeyemi Ogedengbe
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Diana N Obanda
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Holman JM, Colucci L, Baudewyns D, Balkan J, Hunt T, Hunt B, Kinney M, Holcomb L, Chen G, Moses PL, Mawe GM, Zhang T, Li Y, Ishaq SL. Steamed broccoli sprouts alleviate DSS-induced inflammation and retain gut microbial biogeography in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.27.522641. [PMID: 37292900 PMCID: PMC10245759 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.27.522641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are devastating conditions of the gastrointestinal tract with limited treatments, and dietary intervention may be effective, and affordable, for managing symptoms. Glucosinolate compounds are highly concentrated in broccoli sprouts, especially glucoraphanin, and can be metabolized by certain mammalian gut bacteria into anti inflammatory isothiocyanates, such as sulforaphane. Gut microbiota exhibit biogeographic patterns, but it is unknown if colitis alters these or whether the location of glucoraphanin metabolizing bacteria affects anti-inflammatory benefits. We fed specific pathogen free C57BL/6 mice either a control diet or a 10% steamed broccoli sprout diet, and gave a three-cycle regimen of 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water over a 34-day experiment to simulate chronic, relapsing ulcerative colitis. We monitored body weight, fecal characteristics, lipocalin, serum cytokines, and bacterial communities from the luminal and mucosa-associated populations in the jejunum, cecum, and colon. Mice fed the broccoli sprout diet with DSS treatment performed better than mice fed the control diet with DSS, including significantly more weight gain, lower Disease Activity Indexes, lower plasma lipocalin and proinflammatory cytokines, and higher bacterial richness in all gut locations. Bacterial communities were assorted by gut location, but were more homogenous across locations in the control diet + DSS mice. Importantly, our results showed that broccoli sprout feeding abrogated the effects of DSS on gut microbiota, as bacterial richness and biogeography were similar between mice receiving broccoli sprouts with and without DSS. Collectively, these results support the protective effect of steamed broccoli sprouts against dysbiosis and colitis induced by DSS. Importance Evaluating bacterial communities across different locations in the gut provides a greater insight than fecal samples alone, and provides an additional metric by which to evaluate beneficial host-microbe interactions. Here, we show that 10% steamed broccoli sprouts in the diet protects mice from the negative effects of dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis, that colitis erases biogeographical patterns of bacterial communities in the gut, and that the cecum is not likely to be a significant contributor to colonic bacteria of interest in the DSS mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Mice fed the broccoli sprout diet during colitis performed better than mice fed the control diet while receiving DSS. The identification of accessible dietary components and concentrations that help maintain and correct the gut microbiome may provide universal and equitable approaches to IBD prevention and recovery, and broccoli sprouts represent a promising strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M. Holman
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Louisa Colucci
- Department of Biology, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA 04401
| | | | - Joe Balkan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA 02155
| | - Timothy Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Benjamin Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Marissa Kinney
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Lola Holcomb
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Grace Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA 48109
| | - Peter L. Moses
- Departments of Neurological Sciences and of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
- Finch Therapeutics, Somerville, Massachusetts, USA 02143
| | - Gary M. Mawe
- Departments of Neurological Sciences and of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA 13790
| | - Yanyan Li
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Suzanne L. Ishaq
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
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12
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Yao Y, Qi X, Jia Y, Ye J, Chu X, Wen Y, Cheng B, Cheng S, Liu L, Liang C, Wu C, Wang X, Ning Y, Wang S, Zhang F. Evaluating the interactive effects of dietary habits and human gut microbiome on the risks of depression and anxiety. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3047-3055. [PMID: 35074039 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721005092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiome and dietary patterns have been suggested to be associated with depression/anxiety. However, limited effort has been made to explore the effects of possible interactions between diet and microbiome on the risks of depression and anxiety. METHODS Using the latest genome-wide association studies findings in gut microbiome and dietary habits, polygenic risk scores (PRSs) analysis of gut microbiome and dietary habits was conducted in the UK Biobank cohort. Logistic/linear regression models were applied for evaluating the associations for gut microbiome-PRS, dietary habits-PRS, and their interactions with depression/anxiety status and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)/Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) score by R software. RESULTS We observed 51 common diet-gut microbiome interactions shared by both PHQ score and depression status, such as overall beef intake × genus Sporobacter [hurdle binary (HB)] (PPHQ = 7.88 × 10-4, Pdepression status = 5.86 × 10-4); carbohydrate × genus Lactococcus (HB) (PPHQ = 0.0295, Pdepression status = 0.0150). We detected 41 common diet-gut microbiome interactions shared by GAD score and anxiety status, such as sugar × genus Parasutterella (rank normal transformed) (PGAD = 5.15 × 10-3, Panxiety status = 0.0347); tablespoons of raw vegetables per day × family Coriobacteriaceae (HB) (PGAD = 6.02 × 10-4, Panxiety status = 0.0345). Some common significant interactions shared by depression and anxiety were identified, such as overall beef intake × genus Sporobacter (HB). CONCLUSIONS Our study results expanded our understanding of how to comprehensively consider the relationships for dietary habits-gut microbiome interactions with depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chujun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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13
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Li R, Huang X, Yang L, Liang X, Huang W, Lai KP, Zhou L. Integrated Analysis Reveals the Targets and Mechanisms in Immunosuppressive Effect of Mesalazine on Ulcerative Colitis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:867692. [PMID: 35662946 PMCID: PMC9161553 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.867692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the digestive tract. Approximately 3 million US adults suffer from this disease. Mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory agent, is commonly used for the treatment of UC. However, some studies have demonstrated side effects of mesalazine, such as acute pancreatitis and hypereosinophilia. Therefore, a better understanding of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of mesalazine in UC could help improve the effectiveness of the drug and reduce its side effects. In this study, we used a dextran sodium sulfate-induced UC mouse model, and applied network pharmacology and omics bioinformatics approaches to uncover the potential pharmaceutical targets and the anti-inflammatory mechanism of mesalazine. Results Network pharmacology analysis identified the core targets of mesalazine, biological processes, and cell signaling related to immunity and inflammatory responses mediated by mesalazine. Molecular docking analysis then indicated possible binding motifs on the core targets (including TNF-α, PTGS2, IL-1β, and EGFR). Metabolomics and 16S metagenomic analyses highlighted the correlation between gut microbiota and metabolite changes caused by mesalazine in the UC model. Conclusions Collectively, the omics and bioinformatics approaches and the experimental data unveiled the detailed molecular mechanisms of mesalazine in UC treatment, functional regulation of the gut immune system, and reduction of intestinal inflammation. More importantly, the identified core targets could be targeted for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xue Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guigang City People's Hospital, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjun Huang
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Keng Po Lai
| | - Liming Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Liming Zhou ;
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14
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Li L, Ma L, Wen Y, Xie J, Yan L, Ji A, Zeng Y, Tian Y, Sheng J. Crude Polysaccharide Extracted From Moringa oleifera Leaves Prevents Obesity in Association With Modulating Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:861588. [PMID: 35548566 PMCID: PMC9083904 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.861588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is a commonly used plant with high nutritional and medicinal values. M. oleifera leaves are considered a new food resource in China. However, the biological activities of M. oleifera polysaccharides (MOP) in regulating gut microbiota and alleviating obesity remain obscure. In the present study, we prepared the MOP and evaluated its effects on obesity and gut microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6J mice. The experimental mice were supplemented with a normal chow diet (NCD group), a high-fat diet (HFD group), and HFD along with MOP at a different dose of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/d, respectively. Physiological, histological, biochemical parameters, genes related to lipid metabolism, and gut microbiota composition were compared among five experimental groups. The results showed that MOP supplementation effectively prevented weight gain and lipid accumulation induced by HFD, ameliorated blood lipid levels and insulin resistance, alleviated the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and regulated the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and bile acid metabolism. In addition, MOP positively reshaped the gut microbiota composition, significantly increasing the abundance of Bacteroides, norank_f_Ruminococcaceae, and Oscillibacter, while decreasing the relative abundance of Blautia, Alistipes, and Tyzzerella, which are closely associated with obesity. These results demonstrated that MOP supplementation has a protective effect against HFD-induced obesity in mice, which was associated with reshaping the gut microbiota. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the potential of MOP to prevent obesity and modulating gut microbiota, which suggests that MOP can be used as a potential prebiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Pu'er Institute of Pu-erh Tea, Pu'er, China.,College of Tea (Pu'er), West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Pu'er, China
| | - Yanlong Wen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Pu'er Institute of Pu-erh Tea, Pu'er, China.,College of Tea (Pu'er), West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Pu'er, China
| | - Aibing Ji
- Pu'er Institute of Pu-erh Tea, Pu'er, China.,College of Tea (Pu'er), West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Pu'er, China
| | - Yin Zeng
- Pu'er Institute of Pu-erh Tea, Pu'er, China.,College of Tea (Pu'er), West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Pu'er, China
| | - Yang Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,Engineering Research Center of Development and Utilization of Food and Drug Homologous Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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15
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Zhao A, Jeffery EH, Miller MJ. Is Bitterness Only a Taste? The Expanding Area of Health Benefits of Brassica Vegetables and Potential for Bitter Taste Receptors to Support Health Benefits. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071434. [PMID: 35406047 PMCID: PMC9002472 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The list of known health benefits from inclusion of brassica vegetables in the diet is long and growing. Once limited to cancer prevention, a role for brassica in prevention of oxidative stress and anti-inflammation has aided in our understanding that brassica provide far broader benefits. These include prevention and treatment of chronic diseases of aging such as diabetes, neurological deterioration, and heart disease. Although animal and cell culture studies are consistent, clinical studies often show too great a variation to confirm these benefits in humans. In this review, we discuss causes of variation in clinical studies, focusing on the impact of the wide variation across humans in commensal bacterial composition, which potentially result in variations in microbial metabolism of glucosinolates. In addition, as research into host-microbiome interactions develops, a role for bitter-tasting receptors, termed T2Rs, in the gastrointestinal tract and their role in entero-endocrine hormone regulation is developing. Here, we summarize the growing literature on mechanisms of health benefits by brassica-derived isothiocyanates and the potential for extra-oral T2Rs as a novel mechanism that may in part describe the variability in response to brassica among free-living humans, not seen in research animal and cell culture studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhao
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Elizabeth H. Jeffery
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Michael J. Miller
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
- Correspondence:
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16
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Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis: Triggers, Consequences, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Options. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030578. [PMID: 35336153 PMCID: PMC8954387 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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17
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Pinart M, Dötsch A, Schlicht K, Laudes M, Bouwman J, Forslund SK, Pischon T, Nimptsch K. Gut Microbiome Composition in Obese and Non-Obese Persons: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010012. [PMID: 35010887 PMCID: PMC8746372 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether the gut microbiome in obesity is characterized by lower diversity and altered composition at the phylum or genus level may be more accurately investigated using high-throughput sequencing technologies. We conducted a systematic review in PubMed and Embase including 32 cross-sectional studies assessing the gut microbiome composition by high-throughput sequencing in obese and non-obese adults. A significantly lower alpha diversity (Shannon index) in obese versus non-obese adults was observed in nine out of 22 studies, and meta-analysis of seven studies revealed a non-significant mean difference (−0.06, 95% CI −0.24, 0.12, I2 = 81%). At the phylum level, significantly more Firmicutes and fewer Bacteroidetes in obese versus non-obese adults were observed in six out of seventeen, and in four out of eighteen studies, respectively. Meta-analyses of six studies revealed significantly higher Firmicutes (5.50, 95% 0.27, 10.73, I2 = 81%) and non-significantly lower Bacteroidetes (−4.79, 95% CI −10.77, 1.20, I2 = 86%). At the genus level, lower relative proportions of Bifidobacterium and Eggerthella and higher Acidaminococcus, Anaerococcus, Catenibacterium, Dialister, Dorea, Escherichia-Shigella, Eubacterium, Fusobacterium, Megasphera, Prevotella, Roseburia, Streptococcus, and Sutterella were found in obese versus non-obese adults. Although a proportion of studies found lower diversity and differences in gut microbiome composition in obese versus non-obese adults, the observed heterogeneity across studies precludes clear answers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Pinart
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.P.); (T.P.)
| | - Andreas Dötsch
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut (MRI)—Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Kristina Schlicht
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (K.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Matthias Laudes
- Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (K.S.); (M.L.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine 1, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jildau Bouwman
- Microbiology and Systems Biology Group, Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO), Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands;
| | - Sofia K. Forslund
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation of Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany;
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Host-Microbiome Factors in Cardiovascular Disease Lab, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Biobank Core Facility, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.P.); (T.P.)
- Biobank Core Facility, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Biobank Technology Platform, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Nimptsch
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.P.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-9046-4573
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18
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Raychaudhuri S, Fan S, Kraus O, Shahinozzaman M, Obanda DN. Kale supplementation during high fat feeding improves metabolic health in a mouse model of obesity and insulin resistance. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256348. [PMID: 34432833 PMCID: PMC8386848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables have been widely studied for cancer prevention and cardiovascular health. Broccoli is the cruciferous vegetable whose phytochemistry and physiological effects have been most extensively studied. Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) appears on lists of 'healthiest, nutrient dense foods' but, there is paucity of data on kale as a functional food. In a 12-week study, we tested the effect of curly green kale on high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity and insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, endotoxemia and inflammation in C57BL/6J mice fed isocaloric diets. Kale supplementation did not attenuate HFD diet induced fat accumulation and insulin resistance (P = ns; n = 9) but, it lowered serum triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LPL) cholesterol and prevented HFD induced increases in systemic endotoxemia and inflammation (serum LPS and Ccl2) (P<0.01; n = 9). In adipose tissue, kale enhanced the expression of genes involved in adipogenesis (P<0.01; n = 9), reduced the appearance of histologic markers of inflammation, downregulated both the gene expression and protein expression of the adipose tissue specific inflammation markers CD11c and F4/80 (P<0.001; n = 9) and reduced the gene expression of a battery of chemokine C-C motif ligands (Ccl2, Ccl6, Ccl7, Ccl8, Ccl9) and chemokine C-C motif receptors (Ccr2, Ccr3, Ccr5). We conclude that kale vegetable protects against HFD diet induced dysfunction through mechanisms involving lipid metabolism, endotoxemia and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samnhita Raychaudhuri
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Si Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Olivia Kraus
- College of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Md. Shahinozzaman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Diana N. Obanda
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
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19
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Wei B, Xu QL, Zhang B, Zhou TS, Ke SZ, Wang SJ, Wu B, Xu XW, Wang H. Comparative Study of Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharides in Regulating Cecal and Fecal Microbiota of High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:364. [PMID: 34202845 PMCID: PMC8303714 DOI: 10.3390/md19070364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed polysaccharides represent a kind of novel gut microbiota regulator. The advantages and disadvantages of using cecal and fecal microbiota to represent gut microbiota have been discussed, but the regulatory effects of seaweed polysaccharides on cecal and fecal microbiota, which would benefit the study of seaweed polysaccharide-based gut microbiota regulator, have not been compared. Here, the effects of two Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides prepared by water extraction (SfW) and acid extraction (SfA) on the cecal and fecal microbiota of high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice were investigated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results indicated that 16 weeks of HFD dramatically impaired the homeostasis of both the cecal and fecal microbiota, including the dominant phyla Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria, and genera Coriobacteriaceae, S24-7, and Ruminococcus, but did not affect the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Clostridiales, Oscillospira, and Ruminococcaceae in cecal microbiota and the Simpson's index of fecal microbiota. Co-treatments with SfW and SfA exacerbated body weight gain and partially reversed HFD-induced alterations of Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae. Moreover, the administration of SfW and SfA also altered the abundance of genes encoding monosaccharide-transporting ATPase, α-galactosidase, β-fructofuranosidase, and β-glucosidase with the latter showing more significant potency. Our findings revealed the difference of cecal and fecal microbiota in HFD-fed mice and demonstrated that SfW and SfA could more significantly regulate the cecal microbiota and lay important foundations for the study of seaweed polysaccharide-based gut microbiota regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China;
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.-L.X.); (B.Z.); (T.-S.Z.); (S.-Z.K.); (S.-J.W.)
| | - Qiao-Li Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.-L.X.); (B.Z.); (T.-S.Z.); (S.-Z.K.); (S.-J.W.)
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.-L.X.); (B.Z.); (T.-S.Z.); (S.-Z.K.); (S.-J.W.)
| | - Tao-Shun Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.-L.X.); (B.Z.); (T.-S.Z.); (S.-Z.K.); (S.-J.W.)
| | - Song-Ze Ke
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.-L.X.); (B.Z.); (T.-S.Z.); (S.-Z.K.); (S.-J.W.)
| | - Si-Jia Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.-L.X.); (B.Z.); (T.-S.Z.); (S.-Z.K.); (S.-J.W.)
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Rehabilitation Building 32-21, 1000 Veteran Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Bin Wu
- Zhoushan Campus, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China;
| | - Xue-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China;
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.-L.X.); (B.Z.); (T.-S.Z.); (S.-Z.K.); (S.-J.W.)
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