Review
Copyright ©2013 Baishideng.
World J Pharmacol. Mar 9, 2013; 2(1): 18-34
Published online Mar 9, 2013. doi: 10.5497/wjp.v2.i1.18
Figure 1
Figure 1 Oxidative stress mediated dysmetabolisms in diabetic retinopathy. AR: Aldose reductase; SDH: Sorbitol dehydrogenase; GSH: Glutathione; GAPDH: Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; AGEs: Advanced glycation end product; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; NF-κB: Nuclear factor κB; PKC: Protein kinase C; DAE: Diacylglycerol; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; DGF-1: Dispersed gene family-1; TFG-β: Transforming growth factor-β; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; GSSG: Oxidant glutathione; IGF-1: Insulin-like growth factor-1; MnSOD: Manganese superoxide dismutase. Reproduced with permission from[200].