Lumbar radiculopathy and its neurobiological basis

Table 1 Animal models of lumbar radiculopathy

Injurycomponent	Model	Species	Injury site	Pain behaviors	Motor function
Mechanical	Chronic gradual nerve root compression (Cornefjord et al[24])	Porcine	Preganglion	NA	NA
	chronic compression of dorsal root ganglion produced by intervertebral foramen stenosis (Hu et al[25])	Rat (SD)	Dorsal root ganglion	Heat hyperalgesia 5-35 d after surgery	NA
	Compression strain of nerve root (Winkelstein et al[26])	Holtzman rats	Preganglion	Mechanical allodynia	NA
	Stainless rod -induced lumbar radiculopathy(Takayama et al[32])	Rat (SD)	Preganglion	NA	NA
Chemical	Autologus nucleus pulposus-induced lumbar radiculopathy (Olmarker et al[28])	Porcine	Preganglion	NA	NA
	Autologus nucleus pulposus-induced lumbar radiculopathy (Yabuki et al[29])	Rat (SD)	Preganglion	NA	NA
	Autologus nucleus pulposus-induced lumbar radiculopathy (Otani et al[30])	Dog	Preganglion	NA	NA
	Autologus nucleus pulposus-induced lumbar radiculopathy (Shamji et al[16])	Rat (SD)	Dorsal root ganglion	Mechanical allodynia	Marked gait asymmetry, preference to bear weight on the contralateral limb
Mechanical + chemical	Spinal nerve root irritation with chromic gut ligatures (Kawakami et al[27])	Rat(SD)	Preganglion	Prolonged thermal hyperalgesia 2 to 12 wk	Immeditaely paresis resolved in 2 wk, totally recovered in 6 wk
	Chronic compression of lumbar dorsal root ganglion with SURGIFLO™(Gu et al[31])	Rat(SD)	Dorsal root ganglion	Mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia up to 4 or 5 postoperative week	NA

NA: Not available.