Graduate of Medical School, University of Cape Town, 1969. Specialist in Internal Medicine, College of Medicine of South Africa, FCP(SA) 1974 Boarded Gastroenterologist, Israel Ministry of Health, 1978 Head of IBD Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Israel, retired 2014 Full Professor, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel Emeritus Professor, 2014 to date Part-time Gastroenterologist: Mayane HaYeshuah Medical Center, Israel  Part-time Gastroenterologist, Yoseftal Medical Center, Israel