Peroral traction-assisted natural orifice trans-anal flexible endoscopic rectosigmoidectomy followed by intracorporeal colorectal anastomosis in a live porcine model

Figure 1 Peroral traction-assisted transanal natural orifice trans-anal endoscopic surgery sigmoidectomy followed by intracorporeal colorectal end-to-end anastomosis under trans-gastric endoscopic guidance. A: The anterior wall of the rectosigmoid colon was tattooed with India ink by submucosal injection; B: An endoloop was placed over the anti-mesenteric side of one colonic segment for traction; C: Dissection of the inferior mesenteric vessels; D: The mobilized rectosigmoid colon was exteriorized and transected trans-anally.