Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Stem Cells. Jun 26, 2019; 11(6): 297-321
Published online Jun 26, 2019. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i6.297
Table 1 Low-energy shock wave therapy studies
Low-energy shock wave therapyConditionsBiological effectsReferences number
In vivo studiesWound-healing disturbances, tendinopathies, and non-healing bone fracturesActivation of angiogenic pathways with local release of trophic mediators[72-77]
Myocardial infarction in animal modelsImprovement of vascularization at the infarction border zone; Mobilization of endogenous progenitor cells from bone marrow into the systemic circulation and to the damaged myocardium; Increase in VEGF gene and protein expression with endothelial cell proliferation[82-88]
Human severe coronary artery disease or severe anginaImprovement of myocardial ischemia and chest pain[89-90]
Human acute myocardial infarctionSuppression of left ventricular remodeling and enhancement of myocardial function[91]
Spinal cord injury in ratsInduction of endogenous neural stem cells and functional improvement[96]
Diabetic bladder dysfunction in rat modelImprovement of voiding function; Enhancement of innervation and vascularization[97]
In vitro studiesAdipose- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cellsInduction of osteogenic differentiation[92-94]
Murine adipose derived stem cellsStem cell proliferation and migration in an Erk1/2-dependent fashion[81,95]