Papillary fistulotomy vs conventional cannulation for endoscopic biliary access: A prospective randomized trial

Table 3 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography findings and complications according to group and subgroup

Variable	Groups			Total, n = 102	P value
	Group I, n = 51		Group II, n = 51
	GWC, n = 39	Difficult cannulation, n = 12
Complications, pancreatitis, bleeding or perforation					0.062
No	34 (87.2)	10 (83.3)	50 (98)	94 (92.2)
Yes	5 (12.8)	2 (16.7)	1 (2)	8 (7.8)
Number of cannulations					< 0.0011
Mean ± σ	3.3 ± 1.9	7.5 ± 2.8		4.3 ± 2.8
Median (min.; max.)	3 (1; 10)	8.5 (3; 10)		3 (1; 10)

¹Mann-Whitney test, Likelihood ratio test. GWC: Guidewire cannulation; σ: Standard deviation.