Success of photodynamic therapy in palliating patients with nonresectable cholangiocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

Study	Type	n	PDT, n	BS, n	M/F	Age	Cancer type	PDT agent	PDT route	Stenting route	Stent type	PDT sessions per patient
Ortner et al[43], 2003	RCT	39	20	19	NA	66	Non resectable CCA	Photofrin 2 mg/kg	Endoscopic	EBD or PTBD - Double stenting	Plastic	2
Dumoulin et al[44], 2003	P	44	24	20	19/25	77	Non resectable CCA	Photofrin 2 mg/kg	Endoscopic	EBD or PTBD	Plastic followed by metal 4 wk later	NA
Cheon et al[45], 2004	R	47	27	20	38/9	63	Non resectable CCA	Photogem	Endoscopic	PTBD in PDT, EBD in other	Plastic	2
Wiedmann et al[46], 2004	P	23	23	NA	15/8	68	Non resectable CCA	Photofrin 2 mg/kg	Endoscopic	EBD or PTBD	Plastic or Metal	3
Shim et al[47], 2005	P	24	24	NA	NA	58	Non resectable CCA	Photofrin 2 mg/kg	Percutaneous	PTBD	Plastic	2
Zoepf et al[48], 2005	RCT	32	16	16	20/12	68	Non resectable CCA	Photosan-3	Endoscopic or percutaneous	EBD or PTBD	Plastic	2
Witzigmann et al[49], 2006	P	124	68	56	59/65	69	Non resectable CCA	Photofrin 2 mg/kg	Endoscopic	EBD or PTBD	Plastic	2
Prasad et al[50], 2007	R	25	25	NA	20/5	64	Non resectable CCA	Photofrin 2 mg/kg	Endoscopic or percutaneous	PTBD	Plastic	1
Lee et al[51], 2012	R	33	18	15	24/9	66	Non resectable CCA	Photofrin 2 mg/kg	Endoscopic or percutaneous	EBD or PTBD	Metal	1
Wagner et al[52], 2013	P	11	11	NA	8/3	76	Non resectable CCA	Temoporfin	Endoscopic	EBD or PTBD	Plastic	1

PDT: Photodynamic therapy; BS: Biliary stenting group; EBD: Endoscopic biliary drainage; PTBD: Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage; CCA: Cholangiocarcinoma; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; P: Prospective study; R: Retrospective study; NA: Not available.