Systematic review and meta-analysis of Saccharomyces boulardii in adult patients

Table 3 Randomized controlled trials for the treatment of C. difficile disease using S. boulardii

Ref.	Treatment groups	Study population	Daily dose: cfu/d (mg/d)	Duration of treatment (wk)	Follow-up(wk)	C. difficile recurrence in probiotic group	C. difficile recurrence in placebo group
McFarland et al[53]	S. boulardii vs placebo	124 adult patients on varied doses of vancomycin or metronidazole; recurrent and initial CDAD cases; 3 referral sites, US	3 × 1010 (1000 mg)	4	4	15/57 (26.3%)a	30/67 (44.8%)
Surawicz et al[60]	S. boulardii vs placebo	168 adult patients recurrent CDAD; on vancomycin (2 g/d, n = 32) or V (500 mg/d, n = 83) or M (1 g/d, n = 53); 4 referral sites, US	2 × 1010 (1000 mg)	4	4	V (2 g/d) 3/18 (17%)a; V (500 mg/d) 23/45 (51%); M (1 g/d) 13/27 (48.1%)	V (2 g/d) 7/14 (50%); V (500 mg/d) 17/38 (44.7%); M (1 g/d) 13/26 (50%)

^aP < 0.05, probiotic vs controls. V: Vancomycin; M: Metronidazole.