Growth factor receptors and related signalling pathways as targets for novel treatment strategies of hepatocellular cancer

Table 3 Agents for anti-VEGF/VEGFR-based therapy of solid tumours

Name	Target	Mechanism	Current status
Small molecule inhibitors
Sunitinib (Sutent)	PDGFR, VEGFR, c-KIT, FLT-3	Tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Approved for advanced renal cell carcinoma and GIST (with restricted indications)[87150]
			PhaseIfor HCC[151]
Zactima (ZD6474)	VEGFR, EGFR	Tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Phase III for NSCLC[156]
			Phase II for thyroid cancer[157]
Vatalanib (PTK787/ZK 222584)	VEGFR, PDGFR, C-KIT	Tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Phase II/III for colorectal cancer[152]
			PhaseIfor HCC[153]
Anti-ligand targeting
Bevacizumab	VEGF	VEGF-neutralizing antibody	Approved for colorectal cancer
			Phase III for NSCLC[166]
			Phase II for HCC[154]
VEGF trap	VEGF	Soluble decoy receptor which neutralizes all VEGF A isoforms	PhaseIfor advanced solid tumours[155]