Gkentzis A, Kimuli M, Cartledge J, Traxer O, Biyani CS. Urolithiasis in inflammatory bowel disease and bariatric surgery. World J Nephrol 2016; 5(6): 538-546 [PMID: 27872836 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v5.i6.538]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Chandra Shekhar Biyani, Consultant Urologist, Department of Urology, St James’s University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom. shekharbiyani@hotmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Urology & Nephrology
Article-Type of This Article
Systematic Reviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Nephrol. Nov 6, 2016; 5(6): 538-546 Published online Nov 6, 2016. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v5.i6.538
Urolithiasis in inflammatory bowel disease and bariatric surgery
Agapios Gkentzis, Michael Kimuli, Jon Cartledge, Olivier Traxer, Chandra Shekhar Biyani
Agapios Gkentzis, Michael Kimuli, Jon Cartledge, Chandra Shekhar Biyani, Department of Urology, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
Olivier Traxer, Department of Urology, Tenon Hospital, University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75020 Paris, France
Author contributions: Gkentzis A performed the literature search and made the primary draft and drawing the figures; Biyani CS proposed concept and design; all the authors revised and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: None.
Data sharing statement: Technical appendix, statistical code, and dataset available from the corresponding author at Dryad repository, who will provide a permanent, citable and open-access home for the dataset.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Chandra Shekhar Biyani, Consultant Urologist, Department of Urology, St James’s University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds LS9 7TF, United Kingdom. shekharbiyani@hotmail.com
Telephone: +44-0113-2066993 Fax: +44-0113-2064920
Received: April 24, 2016 Peer-review started: April 25, 2016 First decision: July 5, 2016 Revised: August 14, 2016 Accepted: October 5, 2016 Article in press: October 9, 2016 Published online: November 6, 2016
Abstract
AIM
To analyse current literature focusing on pathogenesis and therapeutic aspects of urolithiasis with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and following bariatric surgery.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, supplemented with additional references. Studies assessing the association of IBD or bariatric surgery with renal stones in both paediatric and adulthood were included.
RESULTS
Certain types of stones are seen more frequently with IBD. Hyperoxaluria and hypocitraturia are the main metabolic changes responsible for urolithiasis. The incidence of renal stones in malabsorptive types of bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass is high; this is not as common in modern restrictive surgical methods. Preventative methods and urine alkalinisation have been shown to be beneficial.
CONCLUSION
Both conditions are associated with renal stones. Patients’ counselling and prevention strategies are the mainstay of urolithiasis management in these patients.
Core tip: Urolithiasis continues to be a complication associated with inflammatory bowel disease and post bariatric surgery. Lowered urinary levels of anti-lithogenic substances (magnesium and citrate) have been suggested to be important in calculi development. Prevention is best achieved through dietary changes and targeted medical therapy.
