Copyright
©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Radiol. Apr 28, 2016; 8(4): 370-377
Published online Apr 28, 2016. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i4.370
Published online Apr 28, 2016. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i4.370
Current applications of transperineal ultrasound in gastroenterology
Andreia Albuquerque, Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
Eduardo Pereira, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Amato Lusitano, 6000-085 Castelo Branco, Portugal
Author contributions: Albuquerque A performed the literature search, provided figures, wrote and revised the paper; Pereira E provided guidance, figures and contributed to the revision of the article.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no financial support or relationships that may pose conflict of interest to declare.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Andreia Albuquerque, MD, Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal. a.albuquerque.dias@gmail.com
Telephone: +351-22-5512100 Fax: +351-22-5025766
Received: April 4, 2015
Peer-review started: April 4, 2015
First decision: August 31, 2015
Revised: January 23, 2016
Accepted: March 4, 2016
Article in press: March 9, 2016
Published online: April 28, 2016
Peer-review started: April 4, 2015
First decision: August 31, 2015
Revised: January 23, 2016
Accepted: March 4, 2016
Article in press: March 9, 2016
Published online: April 28, 2016
Core Tip
Core tip: Transperineal ultrasound is a technique that has multiple applications, mainly in urology, gynaecology and gastroenterology. Obstructed defecation, inflammatory perianal diseases and fecal incontinence are the principal indications in gastroenterology, but this technique remains almost unknown to most gastroenterologists. It allows for dynamic evaluation of the structures interaction during defecation stimulation manoeuvres, as well as the identification, classification, and follow-up in inflammatory perianal disease, and it can also identify sphincter injury in fecal incontinence. In this review the technique is described and the current evidence that supports its use in several areas is also discussed.