Copyright
©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Leakage-Penumbra effect in intensity modulated radiation therapy step-and-shoot dose delivery
Grigor N Grigorov, Medical Physics Department, Grand River Regional Cancer Center, Kitchener, ON N2G 1G3, Canada
James CL Chow, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
James CL Chow, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
Author contributions: Grigorov GN did the experimental work and collected the data which analysed by Grigorov GN and Chow JCL; The text and figures of the manuscript were prepared by Grigorov GN and edited by Chow JCL.
Institutional review board statement: This is not a patient-related manuscript.
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: No animal is involved in this study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: James CL Chow, PhD, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada. james.chow@rmp.uhn.on.ca
Telephone: +1-416-9464501 Fax: +1-416-9466566
Received: April 29, 2015
Peer-review started: April 30, 2015
First decision: October 27, 2015
Revised: November 5, 2015
Accepted: December 3, 2015
Article in press: December 4, 2015
Published online: January 28, 2016
Peer-review started: April 30, 2015
First decision: October 27, 2015
Revised: November 5, 2015
Accepted: December 3, 2015
Article in press: December 4, 2015
Published online: January 28, 2016
Core Tip
Core tip: This manuscript contains discussion of the effect of inter-leaf leakage in multileaf collimator (MLC)-based step-and-shoot intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) of cancer, and presents a method to measure and correct for this effect. Based on our experience, and as illustrated with a single IMRT plan, we recommend adjusting the width of treatment field for different segments delivered in the step-and-shoot fashion (to reduce overlap effects), and possibly, to include leakage as optimization parameter in treatment planning. In this study, we introduced a novel empirical model for determining the 2-dimensional distribution of dose resulting from transmission through the MLC.